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The future of Java seems bright when considering the integration of modern language features. During the course of 20 years, Java has achieved several milestones and proven its mettle. From becoming the most popular open-source programming language to evolving into an essential component of software and application development, Java has come a long way.
Java is a very old language. But, unlike C/C++, Pascal, Fortran, etc., it is still very much hot and in demand with thousands of jobs in the field of software development. However, many would fall into a trap of being in a comfort zone maintaining very old Java applications with technologies like EJB, SOAP WebServices, Struts, or just core Java-based applications. Or, they spend time just maintaining existing apps with very little code, technology, or architecture changes. Hence, when they know they will have to search for a new job, they suddenly wake up and get panicked about being irrelevant in today's market. It is a very harsh reality that nobody would land a job as a Java developer who is not well-versed with current technology trends.
Many of us often forget that with the more frequent releases of Java, things are changing very rapidly in this world. And, often the interviewers would like to know how much you are well-versed with the changing technology landscape in Java. It is very important to at least briefly know about the latest changes for performance, developer productivity, and code readability improvements in the language in the later versions. It is not important how to use a tool in your tool kit because each comes with its user manual (API docs). But, knowing which and when the tool you have that can be used to solve what problem is very much required for cracking the interviews.
With the emerging trends of microservices and distributed cloud-based architectures, it is very significant that you know the most optimal way of coding a functionality by being super frugal about the compute, memory, and network usage, which you pay for on an hourly basis along with robust security in a cloud environment. Therefore, knowing about such language improvements in the later versions would surely help level up your game.
Microservices is a new buzzword in technology. Everybody is talking about it seeing the success of Netflix and other technology giants. It is important to know that Spring Boot is a way to develop microservices but that subject is much deeper. It is crucial to understand the fundamentals of developing cloud-native applications, which are often in the form of microservices. There are various architectural patterns and nuances to be understood to successfully develop and run microservices in a cloud environment.
83% of new Java projects are with Spring Boot. This is very latest and evident that you can't survive in the world of Java without a strong grip on Spring Boot and other popular Spring projects. Most of the projects in Spring Boot are based on RESTful APIs. Hence, it is very important to understand the concepts and be an efficient programmer of such APIs.
The newer versions of Java have added some really good utility classes. However, there are still many external libraries that are very useful for the productivity enhancement and reduction of boilerplate code. Such libraries are often used by the leading technology-focused companies, which expect their current and future employees to know about them. You may not need to remember their APIs at the method signature level but should at least know what problems they solve and when to use what. Project Lombok and Google Guava are such hot libraries that almost all new Java projects have.
With the increased adoption of cloud platforms, almost every new application development is happening to keep deployment automation in mind. Such automation is known as Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD). To have successful and trustable CI/CD pipeline-based deployments, there should be a really good automation test coverage for the applications using them. It's no anymore a job of just the QA team members but every developer has to play a role here. Hence, coding for the comprehensive unit, functional, and consumer contract testing is crucial for a successful push-button deployment pipeline. Keeping such a level of importance of testing, the knowledge of the methodologies like Test-Driven Development (TDD) and Behavioral-Driven Development (BDD) is much in demand.
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