Robotics is now one of the best technologies that are precisely used in every industry namely healthcare, defense, education, and many others. It deals with the design, working, and applications of computer systems for controlling and informing processing. Robotic technology also deals with automated machines which are very useful in manufacturing products, doing repetitive tasks and many such things. This technology helps in making work easy, effective, and reliable. There are many especially youngsters coming up with different and innovative robotics projects which are making a huge difference in society. Here are the top 10 robotics projects for robotics enthusiasts in 2022.
Precision-link conveyors index components with high accuracy, speed, and quality to give manufacturers a way to make assemble, mark, weld, and manufacturing operations more efficient. … Standard precision-link conveyors deliver standard link-positioning accuracy of ±0.08 mm (±0.003 in.) or better.
The system consists of a water Solar Pump and a device. There are water spraying nozzles on the top of every panel that will spray high-pressure water on the panel in order to clean it. The device has a microcontroller unit that is programmed such that the whole water pressure, created by Solar Pump, is applied to each and every water spraying section individually. So, high-pressure water is sprayed onto every solar panel row one by one in order to clean every panel in the solar power plant. The device also consists of a timer that enables the system on/off automatically to this system.
The robotics arm has an embedded controller that runs the PID algorithm for controlling the angle of the DC motor, and also controls the servo motors. In addition, for changing joint angles, it implements a communication interface to receive commands through the serial port.
The forward and inverse kinematics algorithms are implemented using Mathwork's MATLAB programming language. They are run in a companion computer, which interfaces to the embedded controller by using the serial communications command interface. The MATLAB code also implements a Graphical User Interface (GUI), from which the user can control the robotic arm and run the forward and inverse kinematics algorithms. A 3D simulation/visualization of the robotic arm is displayed in the GUI in real-time.
The wireless steering is built around Arduino Uno board. Arduino Uno is programmed using Arduino IDE software. ATmega328 on Arduino Uno comes pre-burnt with a boot loader that allows you to upload new code to it without the use of an external hardware programmer. It communicates using the original STK500 protocol. You can also bypass the boot loader and program the microcontroller through ICSP (in-circuit serial programming) header, but using bootloader programming is quick and easy. Select Arduino Uno from the 'Tools→Board' menu (according to the microcontroller on your board) in Arduino IDE and burn the program through the standard USB port in the computer.
The Line Follower Robot is a basic robot that follows a specific path indicated by a line (usually a black line on a light-coloured surface) having some particular width. This circuit mainly consists of 8051 microcontrollers, two IR sensors, motors, and motor driver IC (embedded in a module). The line follower robot needs the mechanical arrangement of the chassis. I have used a 4WD Acrylic chassis. The two IR sensors are mounted on the front of the robot facing with the diodes facing toward Earth.
When a robot is placed on a fixed path, it follows the path by detecting the line. The robotics direction of motion depends on the two sensors' outputs. When the two sensors are on the line of the path, the robot moves forward. If the left sensor moves away from the line, the robot moves towards the right. Similarly, if the right sensor moves away from the path, the robotics moves towards its left. Whenever a robot moves away from its path it is detected by the IR sensor.
Whiskers for robots are simple switch-type sensors that work like an animal's whiskers detecting nearby objects in the environment. When disturbed, the sensor sends a pulse to the robot to indicate that an obstacle is present. Sensitive but inexpensive general-purpose whiskers can be made using commonly available steel guitar strings. These strings are very flexible, conductive, and easy to use. The work is simple. Initially, when there is no interruption, the output of the comparator remains low. As and when any obstacle disturbs the guitar string of the whisker switch, pin 4 of IC1 goes low and output pin 2 of the first comparator of IC1 becomes high momentarily.
This circuit mainly consists of an 8051 microcontroller, two IR sensors, motors, and motor driver IC (embedded in a module). The line follower robot needs the mechanical arrangement of the chassis. The two IR sensors are mounted on the front of the robot facing with the diodes facing toward Earth. When a robot is placed on a fixed path, it follows the path by detecting the line. The robot direction of motion depends on the two sensors' outputs. When the two sensors are on the line of the path, the robot moves forward. If the left sensor moves away from the line, the robot moves towards the right. Similarly, if the right sensor moves away from the path, the robot moves towards its left. Whenever a robot moves away from its path it is detected by the IR sensor.
This project is aimed to build an autonomous robot with RFID application. The project integrates RFID reader and PIC microcontroller as the main components. The movement control comprises a servo-motor with infrared sensors for the line follower. The whole programming operation was carried out by assembly language using MPLab 7.3. The robot has the ability to identify the items by reading the tag on the items. The robot will pick up the item and navigate to the prescribed destination using a line follower module to store the item at the appropriate place and location. A small white platform with black lines is built for demonstration and testing.
The concept of controlling various servo motors through Arduino Uno board is introduced here with a fun project called 'Namaste Greeting robot.' The robot turns its head by 180° and scans people in its range using an ultrasonic module. If it finds anyone nearby, it greets the person with 'namaste' with both hands pressing together, which is the traditional Indian way of wishing people. The robot can be used in offices, shopping centers, parks, and party halls where it can greet and attract people.
Automatic steering systems are a standard function for robotic agricultural equipment. Ackerman steering is the most common type of steering mechanism on such equipment, making them perform as car-like vehicles. Because of their kinematic constraints, it is quite difficult to maneuver car-like vehicles effectively in orchards due to confined working space, constrained by physical boundaries such as tree rows and other obstacles. To remove such technical difficulties, more sophisticated steering mechanisms and steering control strategies are required for robotic agricultural equipment. In order to conveniently manage fruit bins in confined tree aisles constrained by high-density tree rows, a robotic bin management system, called bin-dog system, implementable in typical Washington State tree fruit orchards has been developed.
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