A firewall is a security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing data to and from a computer or network. Firewall penetration testing is the process of testing a firewall to determine if it can be successfully penetrated. Performing firewall penetration tests on a regular basis is essential to keeping your computer or network security. In this article, we will discuss the basics of firewall penetration testing, including what a firewall is, the importance of penetration testing, and more!

What is a Firewall?

To stop intruders from accessing our systems and networks and to control access, firewalls are used. The firewall must be able to authenticate messages and traffic must flow through it in order for data or access requests to pass. This raises the issue of where to position the firewall, which is our first concern.

A firewall is usually placed between a company's network and the exterior world (although we would like to mention the option to put a firewall application on each local machine, which has its own benefits and drawbacks). You can prevent data from leaving our network by constructing internal firewalls and keeping information secure from the exterior world.

Importance of a Firewall Penetration Test

A firewall is a critical security component, and it is important to ensure that it is functioning properly. A firewall penetration test locates any potential security weakness that could be abused by an outside attacker. By performing regular firewall tests, you can help to keep your computer or network safe from attack.

Evaluate the Security of a Firewall

In order to determine whether or not a firewall can be successfully penetrated, there are several factors that must be considered. These factors include the type of firewall, the configuration of the firewall, and the level of security required. They are —

Vendor information

While the firewall vendor may provide us with some insight into how reliable their product is, we can't rely on this information alone. This is because there are potential problems that vendors face when "certifying" one of their own products. While they may be the most knowledgeable about their product, they will never be impartial.

However, on the other hand, they will not be too thrilled to point you to a potential weakness in their industry that may still be undiscovered by third parties. There is usually a reason why companies choose particular designs, but sometimes this unwillingness to change can result in objective dangers posed by those designs.

Design analysis

Design analysis is another option. This approach only uses theoretical tools. You gather as much information about a product's design, and if possible, you get the source code too. Then you start looking for security problems in the code. These problems can exist anywhere within the vast amount of code, so this search could take a lot of time. Just one example would be to check how the firewall manages buffers and buffer overflows.

This approach has several drawbacks. It is both time-consuming and difficult to implement. The bigger issue, however, is that you won't necessarily receive enough information or source code to do the test correctly, even if we perform the firewall toolkit test.

Examine Logs

Examining logs would be the third method. Testers set up the firewall and create filter rules in accordance with our policy. Then, after a specific length of time (week(s)) with the most detailed logging available, they let the firewall run. The logs will be generated if a service is utilized that we did not know was enabled or in use on the system.

Although this is a helpful method, there are two primary disadvantages to consider. For one thing, when we discover a security issue by examining the logs, it may be too late, and an intruder may already have gained access to our systems. Second, logging will never show every single attempt that has been made; if we had a "smart" attacker, they could've easily doctored the logs.

Firewall testing

The final item on the list is firewall testing, which leads us to the topic of this paper (finally). This is the most important technique of those mentioned and should be done on a regular basis. You can utilize this approach to check for potential breaches as well as circumvention methods. Technical difficulties such as known vulnerabilities, misconfiguration, and badly implemented security rules are all exploited if possible.

Problems Related to a Firewall Penetration Test

As previously shown, each evaluation technique has benefits and drawbacks. This is certainly not the case when it comes to evaluating your firewall's security with a firewall penetration test. The trouble begins when you want to learn more about this issue.

There is not much publicly available. Apart from the fact that firewall testing is a relatively new method, no one wants to provide too much information because the individuals who could offer insights wish to sell this service to their clients rather than distribute it for free. There are also not many excellent tools accessible when compared with other things.

One more problem you may face while testing firewalls is that the design of firewalls excels in complexity. vendors have been constructing firewalls for some time, and as a result, have obtained an intimate understanding of what is needed for advanced security measures and which known threats exist. Consequently, firewall designs are much more complex than testing approaches since this area is still developing.

Final Thoughts

There are a number of ways to approach firewall testing. Each approach has advantages and disadvantages. The most important thing to keep in mind is that firewall testing should be done on a regular basis in order to ensure the security of your system. A professional can help you if you don't know where to begin.